DESIGN DRAWINGS
A designer’s (Architect’s) principal language is through his drawings. Drawings express his intentions clearly. Drawings are the principal means by which the designer’s intentions are discussed with the Client and the Authorities. On the basis of the Architect’s drawings, designs of specialists and consultants can be planned and co-ordinated. Supplemented by schedules and specifications of materials and workmanship, they enable quantities of materials needed and prices to be estimated, tenders to be drawn up, work to be planned by the Contractor and to be carried out at site. Also drawings are internationally readable.
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Architectural Design deals with the design of a building structure and an Architect prepares different types of drawings to explain his design:
PLAN-
It is the top view of an object. In case of Buildings, the building is imagined to be cut horizontally at any level, and viewed from the top. The top view of the cut building is called a Floor Plan since you can see the floor of the building along with the wall thickness and the windows. In this plan the inner room (horizontal) dimensions, wall thickness, window sizes are indicated.
ELEVATION-
It is the vertical view of a building seen when you are standing in front of it. It is different from a perspective view in that an elevation is only two-dimensional while a perspective is three-dimensional. Normally since a building has 4 sides, four elevations (one for each side ) are sufficient to explain the design. An elevation indicates the heights from floor to floor, the window cill height and window lintel height, as well as the overall height of the building.
SECTION-
The building is imagined to be cut vertically and the resulting vertical view is called the section. The section indicates the room heights, door window heights, staircase details, lift details etc and it is useful in explaining the building design.
PERSPECTIVE –
The 3 Dimensional view showing at least two sides of the building is called a Perspective view. There are different types of perspective, like:
Birds-View Perspective, wherein, you can see the building from above just as you would see it if you were a bird in the sky. This perspective is useful for seeing an entire complex of buildings as each and every one of the buildings can be seen. But the disadvantage is that you can only see most of the top of the building. So for a clear view of the building from ground level you need to see a:
Worms-view Perspective- In this perspective, you can see the building as if you were standing right in front of it. This perspective is an almost real picture of the building. But the disadvantage of this perspective, is that you can see only one building of a large complex. To see the entire complex you will need individual perspectives of each building.
MODEL-
A Model is made to explain a building complex along with the contours of the Site. It gives an almost realistic view of the propsed building. There are different types of models depending on the requirement of the Client. The models range in detail from very simple formal massing models of just a few cuboid blocks, through basic interior/exterior spatial walkthrough models, up to detailed interior/exterior models complete with furnishings and landscaping.
DRAWING SIZES
Drawings are presented on the following standard sizes of sheets:
A0 – 841 X 1189mm
A1 – 594 X 841mm
A2 – 420 X 594mm
A3 – 297 X 420mm
A4 – 210 X 297mm
These sizes are proportional, leading to a simple reduction and enlargement – sheets may easily be folded to a smaller size – as it is easier to handle in the office and on site. Drawings generally are preferred on the smallest standard sheet size compatible with clarity. Drawing sheets larger than A0 are avoided as they are too big to handle at site.
A designer’s (Architect’s) principal language is through his drawings. Drawings express his intentions clearly. Drawings are the principal means by which the designer’s intentions are discussed with the Client and the Authorities. On the basis of the Architect’s drawings, designs of specialists and consultants can be planned and co-ordinated. Supplemented by schedules and specifications of materials and workmanship, they enable quantities of materials needed and prices to be estimated, tenders to be drawn up, work to be planned by the Contractor and to be carried out at site. Also drawings are internationally readable.
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Architectural Design deals with the design of a building structure and an Architect prepares different types of drawings to explain his design:
PLAN-
It is the top view of an object. In case of Buildings, the building is imagined to be cut horizontally at any level, and viewed from the top. The top view of the cut building is called a Floor Plan since you can see the floor of the building along with the wall thickness and the windows. In this plan the inner room (horizontal) dimensions, wall thickness, window sizes are indicated.
ELEVATION-
It is the vertical view of a building seen when you are standing in front of it. It is different from a perspective view in that an elevation is only two-dimensional while a perspective is three-dimensional. Normally since a building has 4 sides, four elevations (one for each side ) are sufficient to explain the design. An elevation indicates the heights from floor to floor, the window cill height and window lintel height, as well as the overall height of the building.
SECTION-
The building is imagined to be cut vertically and the resulting vertical view is called the section. The section indicates the room heights, door window heights, staircase details, lift details etc and it is useful in explaining the building design.
PERSPECTIVE –
The 3 Dimensional view showing at least two sides of the building is called a Perspective view. There are different types of perspective, like:
Birds-View Perspective, wherein, you can see the building from above just as you would see it if you were a bird in the sky. This perspective is useful for seeing an entire complex of buildings as each and every one of the buildings can be seen. But the disadvantage is that you can only see most of the top of the building. So for a clear view of the building from ground level you need to see a:
Worms-view Perspective- In this perspective, you can see the building as if you were standing right in front of it. This perspective is an almost real picture of the building. But the disadvantage of this perspective, is that you can see only one building of a large complex. To see the entire complex you will need individual perspectives of each building.
MODEL-
A Model is made to explain a building complex along with the contours of the Site. It gives an almost realistic view of the propsed building. There are different types of models depending on the requirement of the Client. The models range in detail from very simple formal massing models of just a few cuboid blocks, through basic interior/exterior spatial walkthrough models, up to detailed interior/exterior models complete with furnishings and landscaping.
DRAWING SIZES
Drawings are presented on the following standard sizes of sheets:
A0 – 841 X 1189mm
A1 – 594 X 841mm
A2 – 420 X 594mm
A3 – 297 X 420mm
A4 – 210 X 297mm
These sizes are proportional, leading to a simple reduction and enlargement – sheets may easily be folded to a smaller size – as it is easier to handle in the office and on site. Drawings generally are preferred on the smallest standard sheet size compatible with clarity. Drawing sheets larger than A0 are avoided as they are too big to handle at site.
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